Saamaynta tirada ee qaybinta cabbirka walxaha ee kookaha ceeriin ee ku aaddan u-adkaysiga lakabka agabka iyo isku-darka kalsiyum-ka ee foornada wareega waxaa lagu falanqeyn karaa isku-xirka u dhexeeya xuduudaha cabbirka walxaha iyo tilmaamayaasha habka sida soo socota:
I. Saamaynta Tirada ee Qaybinta Cabbirka Walxaha ee Joogtada ah ee Lakabka Maaddada
Midaynta Cabbirka Walxaha (Qiimaha PDI)
- Qeexitaan: Tusmada kala-fidinta cabbirka walxaha (PDI = D90/D10, halkaasoo D90 uu yahay cabbirka shaandhada oo 90% walxaha ay maraan, iyo D10 uu yahay cabbirka shaandhada oo 10% walxaha ay maraan).
- Qaabka Saamaynta:
Qiimo yar oo PDI ah (oo tilmaamaya cabbir isku mid ah oo walxaha ah) ayaa horseedaya dalool sare oo lakabka agabka ah, iyadoo tusmada permeability-ka (qiimaha K) ay kordhayso qiyaastii 15% ilaa 20%. - Xogta Tijaabada:
Marka PDI uu hoos uga dhaco 2.0 ilaa 1.3, hoos u dhaca cadaadiska gudaha foornada ayaa hoos u dhaca 22%, heerka socodka gaaskana wuu kordhaa 18%, taasoo muujinaysa horumar weyn oo ku yimid marin-u-socodka. - Habka:
Cabbirka walxaha isku midka ah wuxuu yareeyaa ifafaalaha walxaha yaryar ee buuxinaya farqiga u dhexeeya walxaha waaweyn, isagoo ka fogaanaya saameynta "buuxinta walxaha" sidaas darteedna hoos u dhigaya iska caabbinta socodka hawada.
Waxyaabaha ku jira Walxaha Yar (<0.5 mm)
- Heerka Muhiimka ah:
Marka saamiga walxaha yaryar uu ka bato 10%, marin-u-helku si weyn ayuu u xumaadaa. - Xiriirka Tirinta:
Kordhinta 5% kasta oo walxaha yaryar ah, hoos u dhaca cadaadiska gudaha foornada ayaa kordha qiyaastii 30%, heerka socodka gaaskana wuu hoos u dhacaa 25%. - Daraasad Kiis:
Foornada kalsiyum-ka ee batroolka, marka walxaha yaryar ay ka kordhaan 8% ilaa 15%, cadaadiska taban ee madaxa foornada wuxuu ka kacaa -200 Pa ilaa -350 Pa, taasoo u baahan koror ku yimaada awoodda taageereyaasha qabyada ah si loo ilaaliyo shaqada, taasoo keentay koror 12% ah oo ku yimaada isticmaalka tamarta.
Celceliska Cabbirka Walxaha (D50)
- Kala duwanaanshaha ugu Fiican:
Baaxadda ugu fiican waxaa la gaaraa marka D50 uu u dhexeeyo 8 iyo 15 mm. - Saamaynta leexashada:
Marka D50 uu ka yar yahay 5 mm, daloolka lakabka agabka ayaa hoos u dhacaya ilaa 35%, tusmada sii-deyntana waxay hoos u dhacaysaa 40%;
Marka D50 uu dhaafo 20 mm, inkastoo daloolku uu sarreeyo, aagga taabashada ee u dhexeeya walxaha ayaa hoos u dhacaya, taasoo yareynaysa waxtarka wareejinta kulaylka 15% waxayna si dadban u saamaynaysaa isku-dhafka kalsiyum-ka.
II. Saamaynta Tirada ee Qaybinta Cabbirka Walxaha ee Isku-dhafka Kalsiyum-ka
Kala Duwanaanta Heerka Qaybinta Heerkulka (σT)
- Qeexitaan:
Tilmaame tirakoob ah oo muujinaya baaxadda isbeddelka heerkulka axial ee gudaha foornada, oo leh σT yar oo muujinaysa kalsiyum isku mid ah. - Saamaynta Cabbirka Walxaha:
Marka cabbirka walxaha uu yahay mid isku mid ah (PDI < 1.5), σT waxaa lagu xakameyn karaa ± 15℃ gudahood;
Marka cabbirka walxaha aan isku mid ahayn (PDI > 2.5), σT wuxuu ku fidaa ±40℃, taasoo keenta gubasho maxalli ah ama gubasho hoose. - Daraasad Kiis:
Foorno wareeg ah oo kaarboon aluminium ah, iyadoo la hagaajinayo qaybinta cabbirka walxaha si loo yareeyo PDI laga bilaabo 2.8 ilaa 1.4, leexashada caadiga ah ee waxyaabaha isbeddelaya ee ku jira badeecaddu waxay hoos uga dhacdaa 0.8% ilaa 0.3%, taasoo si weyn u hagaajinaysa isku-dhafka kalsiyum-ka.
Xawaaraha Dhaqdhaqaaqa Hore ee Falcelinta (Vr)
- Qeexitaan:
Xawaaraha kicinta ee isku-xirka falgalka kalsiyum-ka ee lakabka agabka, oo muujinaya hufnaanta kalsiyum-ka. - Xiriirka Cabbirka Walxaha:
Kordhinta 10% kasta ee saamiga walxaha yaryar (<3 mm), Vr wuxuu kordhaa qiyaastii 25%, laakiin waxay u nugul tahay inay keento falcelin aad u degdeg ah iyo kulayl daran oo deegaanka ah;
Kordhinta 10% kasta ee saamiga walxaha qallafsan (> 20 mm), Vr wuxuu hoos u dhacaa 15% sababtoo ah kororka iska caabbinta gudbinta kulaylka. - Barta Sinaanta:
Marka qaybinta cabbirka walxaha ay tahay laba-geesood (tusaale ahaan, isku darka walxaha 3-8 mm iyo 15-20 mm), Vr waxaa lagu hayn karaa xadka ugu habboon (0.5-1.0 mm/daqiiqo) iyadoo la hubinayo isku mid ahaanshaha.
Heerka Aqoonta Badeecada (Q)
- Xiriirka Tirinta:
Kordhinta 0.5 cutub kasta oo ku jirta isku-midnimada cabbirka walxaha (tusaale ahaan, hoos u dhaca qiimaha PDI), heerka u-qalmitaanka badeecaddu wuxuu kordhaa qiyaastii 8%;
5% kasta oo hoos u dhac ah oo ku yimaada walxaha yaryar, heerka qashinka ka dhasha gubashada hoose ama gubashada xad-dhaafka ah ayaa hoos u dhacaya 12%. - Xogta Warshadaha:
Foornada wareegga ah ee titanium dioxide, iyadoo la xakameynayo cabbirka walxaha kookaha ceeriin (D50 = 12 mm, PDI = 1.6), leexashada caadiga ah ee cadaanka badeecaddu waxay hoos uga dhacdaa 1.2 ilaa 0.5, heerka wax soo saarka heerka koowaadna wuxuu ka kordhaa 75% ilaa 92%.
III. Talooyinka Hagaajinta Dhammaystiran
Ujeeddooyinka Xakamaynta Cabbirka Walxaha:
- D50: 8-15 mm (la hagaajin karo iyadoo loo eegayo astaamaha agabka);
- PDI: <1.5;
- Waxyaabaha yar yar (<0.5 mm): <8%.
Istaraatiijiyadaha Hagaajinta Habka:
- Qaado hababka burburinta iyo baaritaanka marxalado badan leh si loo hubiyo qaybinta cabbirka walxaha oo xooggan;
- Samee daaweyn hore loo sameeyay (tusaale ahaan, briquetting) oo ku taal walxaha yaryar si loo yareeyo khasaaraha duulista;
- Hagaaji kala-soocidda cabbirka walxaha iyadoo loo eegayo nooca foornada (saamiga dhererka ilaa dhexroorka, xawaaraha wareegga), tusaale ahaan, adigoo isticmaalaya walxaha qallafsan sida qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee foornada dhaadheer iyo ku-darka walxaha yaryar ee loogu talagalay foornada gaaban.
La socodka iyo Jawaab celinta:
- Ku rakib falanqeeyayaasha cabbirka walxaha khadka tooska ah si aad ula socoto qaybinta cabbirka walxaha ee walaxda soo galaysa foornada waqtiga dhabta ah;
- Ku dar qaabka dhaqdhaqaaqa dareeraha xisaabinta (CFD) ee goobta heerkulka gudaha foornada si aad si firfircoon u hagaajiso xuduudaha cabbirka walxaha iyo nidaamka kalsiyumaynta.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-16-2026