Sidee loo kala saaraa walxaha kaarboonka?

Walxaha kaarboonku waxay ku yimaadaan boqolaal nooc iyo kumanaan

qeexitaannada.

• Sida ku cad qaybta agabka, walxaha kaarboonka waxaa loo qaybin karaa badeecooyin kaarboon ah, badeecooyin nus-garaafig ah, badeecooyin garaafig dabiici ah iyo badeecooyin garaafig macmal ah.

• Sida ku xusan sifooyinkooda, walxaha kaarboonka waxaa loo qaybin karaa elektroodka garaafiga iyo anoodka garaafiga, elektroodka kaarboonka iyo anoodka kaarboonka, baloogga kaarboonka, alaabada koollada, alaabada gaarka ah ee kaarboonka iyo garaafiga, alaabada kaarboonka ee warshadaha farsamada iyo elektaroonigga ah, fiber-ka kaarboonka iyo agabkeeda isku-dhafka ah iyo qalabka kiimikada garaafiga, iwm.

• Sida ku xusan walxaha adeegga, walxaha kaarboonka waxaa loo qaybin karaa warshadaha birta, warshadaha aluminiumka, warshadaha kiimikada, warshadaha farsamada iyo elektaroonigga ah iyo walxaha kaarboonka cusub ee loo isticmaalo waaxyaha tiknoolajiyada sare.

• Sida laga soo xigtay qaybta shaqaynta, walxaha kaarboonka waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood: walxaha gudbiya, walxaha dhismaha iyo walxaha shaqada gaarka ah:

(1) walxaha korontada qaada. Sida foornada korontada oo leh elektaroodh garaafit, elektaroodh kaarboon, elektaroodh garaafit dabiici ah, koollo elektaroodh iyo koollo anode (elektaroodh is-duban), elektaroodh oo leh anode garaafit, burush iyo walxaha EDM.

(2) Qalabka dhismaha. Sida qalabka shaqada, foornada ferroalloys, foornada carbide, sida dahaarka unugyada elektiroonigga ah ee aluminium (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan walxo kaarboon ah oo aan la socon karin), yaraynta fal-galiyaha nukliyeerka iyo walxaha milicsiga, madaxa gantaalka ama gantaalka ee waaxda ama qalabka dahaarka afka, iska caabbinta daxalka ee qalabka warshadaha kiimikada, qalabka u adkaysta xirashada mashiinnada warshadaha, birta iyo warshadaha birta aan birta ahayn ee birta ah ee si joogto ah u shubaya dahaarka garaafka ee crystallizer, Semiconductor iyo aaladaha wax lagu dhalaaliyo ee saafiga ah.
(3) agab shaqo oo gaar ah. Sida biochar (waalka wadnaha ee macmalka ah, lafo macmal ah, seedaha macmal ah), noocyo kala duwan oo kaarboon pyrolytic ah iyo garaafit pyrolytic ah, garaafit dib loo habeeyey, fiber kaarboon iyo agabkeeda isku dhafan, isku-dhafka graphite ee lakabka isku dhafan, kaarboon Fuller iyo nano carbon, iwm.

• Sida ku cad qaybta isticmaalka iyo habka loo adeegsado, walxaha kaarboonka waxaa loo qaybin karaa 12 nooc oo soo socda.

(1) Elektroodka Graphite. Waxaa inta badan ka mid ah elektroodka Graphite-ka ee awoodda caadiga ah, elektroodka Graphite-ka awoodda sare leh, elektroodka Graphite-ka awoodda aadka u sarreeya leh, elektroodka Graphite-ka dahaarka oksaydhka ee ka hortagga oksaydhka, baloogga garaafiga ah, iyo elektroodka garaafiga dabiiciga ah ee lagu soo saaro garaafiga dabiiciga ah oo ah walaxda ugu weyn ee cayriin.
(2) Anoodka Garaafiga. Oo ay ku jiraan dhammaan noocyada electrolysis-ka xalka iyo electrolysis-ka cusbada dhalaalaysa ee la isticmaalay ee anoodka, usha anode-ka, anode-ka dhululubada weyn (sida electrolysis-ka sodium-ka birta ah).
(3) elektroodh koronto (togan). Waxa ugu muhiimsan waxa ku jira elektroodh kaarboon oo leh anthracite tayo sare leh oo ah walaxda ugu weyn ee cayriin, anode kaarboon oo leh kookaha batroolka oo ah walaxda ugu weyn ee ceeriin ee unugyada elektrooliga ee aluminiumka (tusaale ahaan anode hore loo dubay), iyo lebenka shabagga kaarboonka oo leh kookaha asfaltka oo ah walaxda ugu weyn ee ceeriin ee sahayda korontada iyo warshadaha magnesia.
(4) nooca baloogga kaarboonka (foornada birta ah oo leh walxo kaarboon ah oo aan lahayn wax ka hortag ah). Inta badan waxaa ka mid ah foornada qaraxa iyadoo la isticmaalayo baloogga kaarboonka (ama gariirka oo la sameeyo si loo sameeyo baloogga kaarboonka iyo dubista iyo habaynta, qaabaynta baloogyada kaarboonka yar yar ee kulul isla waqtigaas, qaabaynta ama qaabaynta gariirka ka dib marka la dubayo, isticmaalka tooska ah ee baloogga kaarboonka ee iskiis u duban, baloogga garaafiga, baloogga semi-graphite, baloogga garaafiga silica carbide, iwm.), baloogga kaarboonka elektrolysis-ka ee aluminiumka (baloogga kaarboonka dhinaca, baloogga kaarboonka ee hoose), foornada birta ah, foornada kaarboonka kalsiyum iyo dahaarka kale ee foornada korontada ku shaqeysa ee macdanta ah baloogga kaarboonka, foornada garaafiga, foornada kaarboonka silikoonka si loogu dahaadho jirka baloogga kaarboonka.
(5) dhuxusha dhuxusha. Inta badan waxaa ku jira koolada elektroodka, koolada anode-ka iyo koolada loo isticmaalo isku xidhka ama ku dahaarka dhagaxa baloogyada kaarboonka (sida koolada tolmada qalafsan iyo koolada tolmada fiican ee loogu talagalay dhagaxa baloogyada kaarboonka ee foornada qaraxa, koolada hoose ee loogu talagalay dhagaxa unugyada elektrooliga ee aluminiumka, iwm.).
(6) daahirnimo sare, cufnaan sare iyo garaafit xoog badan. Inta badan waxaa ku jira garaafit saafi ah, xoog sare iyo garaafit cufnaan sare iyo garaafit isotropic cufnaan sare.
(7) dhuxul iyo garaafit gaar ah. Inta badan waxaa ka mid ah kaarboon pyrolytic iyo garaafit pyrolytic, kaarboon daloolo leh iyo garaafit daloolo leh, kaarboon galaas ah iyo garaafit dib loo warshadeeyay.
(8) kaarboonka u adkaysta xirashada iyo garaafka u adkaysta xirashada warshadaha farsamada. Inta badan waxaa ka mid ah faraantiyada shaabadaynta, boodhadhka, faraantiyada bistoonka, marinnada slideways iyo daabyada mashiinno wareegaya oo loo isticmaalo qalab badan oo farsamo.
(9) Badeecadaha dhuxusha iyo garaafka ee loogu talagalay ujeeddooyinka korontada. Waxaa ugu muhiimsan burushka matoorka korontada iyo matoorka, sawir-gacmeedka pantograph-ka ee baska trolley-ka iyo tareenka korontada ku shaqeeya, iska caabbinta kaarboonka ee qaar ka mid ah nidaamiyayaasha danabka, qaybaha kaarboonka ee gudbiyaha taleefanka, usha kaarboonka ee qaansada, usha kaarboonka ee kaarboonka iyo usha kaarboonka batteriga, iwm.
(10) qalabka kiimikada ee graphite (sidoo kale loo yaqaan graphite aan la dabooli karin). Waxay inta badan ka kooban tahay noocyo kala duwan oo kuleyliyayaal ah, haamaha falcelinta, kondensarrada, munaaradaha nuugista, bamka graphite iyo qalab kale oo kiimiko ah.
(11) Faybarka Kaarboon iyo isku-darka ay leedahay. Waxay inta badan ka kooban tahay saddex nooc oo faybar hore loo oxidized, faybar kaarboon iyo faybar garaafik ah, iyo faybar kaarboon iyo noocyo kala duwan oo faybar, balaastig, dhoobo, biro iyo noocyo kale oo ah alaabada walxaha isku-dhafan.
(12) Isku-darka Graphite interlaminar (sidoo kale loo yaqaan graphite intercalated). Waxaa jira inta badan graphite dabacsan (tusaale ahaan, graphite la ballaariyay), isku-darka graphite-halogen interlaminar iyo isku-darka graphite-birta interlaminar 3 nooc. Graphite ballaaran oo laga sameeyay graphite dabiici ah ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay walxo gasket ah.