[Isticmaal Coke] Falanqaynta saadka iyo baahida iyo astaamaha horumarinta ee Coke-ka Isticmaal ee Shiinaha
I. Awoodda suuqa ee irbadda kookaha ee Shiinaha
Sannadkii 2016, awoodda wax soo saarka caalamiga ah ee coke irbadaysan wuxuu ahaa 1.07 milyan oo tan/sanadkii, awoodda wax soo saarka Shiinaha ee coke irbadaysanna waxay ahayd 350,000 oo tan/sanadkii, taasoo ka dhigan 32.71% awoodda wax soo saarka adduunka. Sannadkii 2021, awoodda wax soo saarka adduunka ee coke irbadaysanna waxay korodhay ilaa 3.36 milyan oo tan/sanadkii, kuwaas oo ka mid ah awoodda wax soo saarka Shiinaha ee coke irbadaysanna ay ahayd 2.29 milyan oo tan/sanadkii, taasoo ka dhigan 68.15% awoodda wax soo saarka adduunka. Shirkadaha wax soo saarka Shiinaha ee coke irbadaysanna waxay kordheen ilaa 22. Wadarta awoodda wax soo saarka ee shirkadaha coke irbadaysanna waxay korodhay 554.29% marka la barbar dhigo 2016, halka awoodda wax soo saarka ee coke irbadaysanna ay ahayd mid deggan. Marka la gaaro 2022, awoodda wax soo saarka ee Shiinaha ee coke irbadda ayaa korodhay ilaa 2.72 milyan oo tan, taasoo ah koror ku dhow 7.7 jeer, tirada soosaarayaasha coke irbadda Shiinaha ayaa korodhay ilaa 27, taasoo muujinaysa horumar ballaaran oo warshadaha ah, iyadoo la tixgelinayo aragti caalami ah, saamiga coke irbadda Shiinaha ee suuqa caalamiga ah ayaa sannadba sannadka ka dambeeya sii kordhayay.
1. Awoodda soo saarista saliidda ee coke-ka irbadda
Awoodda wax soo saarka ee kookaha irbadda taxanaha saliidda ayaa si degdeg ah u koray laga bilaabo 2019. Laga bilaabo 2017 ilaa 2019, suuqa Shiinaha ee kookaha irbadda taxanaha saliidda waxaa ku badnaa cabbirrada dhuxusha, halka horumarinta kookaha irbadda taxanaha saliidda uu ahaa mid gaabis ah. Inta badan shirkadaha jira ee hadda jira ayaa la soo saaray wax soo saarka ka dib 2018, awoodda wax soo saarka kookaha irbadda taxanaha saliidda ee Shiinaha ayaa gaartay 1.59 milyan oo tan sannadkii 2022. Wax soo saarku wuxuu sii kordhayay sannadba sannadka ka dambeeya. Sannadkii 2019, suuqa elektroodka graphite ee hooseeya ayaa si weyn hoos ugu dhacay, baahida kookaha irbaddana way daciiftay. Sannadkii 2022, saameynta cudurka faafa ee COVID-19 iyo Olombikada Jiilaalka iyo dhacdooyinka kale ee dadweynaha awgeed, baahidu way wiiqantay, halka kharashyadu ay sarreeyaan, ganacsiyaduna aysan dhiirigelin badan u lahayn wax soo saarka, kobaca wax soo saarkuna uu gaabis yahay.
2. Awoodda wax soo saarka ee coke-ka cabirka dhuxusha
Awoodda wax soo saarka ee coke-ka cirbadda lagu cabbiro dhuxusha ayaa sidoo kale sii kordheysa sannadba sannadka ka dambeeya, laga bilaabo 350,000 oo tan sannadkii 2017 ilaa 1.2 milyan oo tan sannadkii 2022. Laga bilaabo 2020, saamiga suuqa ee cabbirka dhuxusha ayaa hoos u dhacaya, coke-ka cirbadda taxanaha saliidda ahna wuxuu noqdaa kan ugu muhiimsan ee coke-ka irbadda. Marka la eego wax soo saarka, waxay sii waday kobaca laga bilaabo 2017 ilaa 2019. Laga bilaabo 2020, dhinaca kale, qiimuhu wuu sarreeyay faa'iidadana waa la rogay. Dhanka kale, baahida loo qabo elektroodka garaafiga ma fiicnayn.
Ⅱ. Falanqaynta baahida ee irbadda Coke ee Shiinaha
1. Falanqaynta suuqa ee walxaha lithium-anode
Laga soo bilaabo wax soo saarka walxaha taban, wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah ee walxaha taban ee Shiinaha ayaa si joogto ah u kordhay laga bilaabo 2017 ilaa 2019. Sannadkii 2020, oo ay saameeyeen kor u kaca joogtada ah ee suuqa terminal-ka hoose, bilowga guud ee baytariga korontada ayaa bilaabmaya inuu kor u kaco, baahida suuqu si weyn ayay u korodhaa, iyo kala-horreynta shirkadaha walxaha taban ee elektiroonigga ah ayaa kordha, bilowga guud ee ganacsiguna si dhakhso ah ayuu u kor u kacaa oo wuxuu hayaa kor u kac. Sannadkii 2021-2022, wax soo saarka Shiinaha ee walxaha kathode-ka lithium wuxuu muujiyay kobac qarxa, isagoo ka faa'iideysanaya horumarka joogtada ah ee jawiga ganacsiga ee warshadaha hoose, horumarka degdegga ah ee suuqa baabuurta tamarta cusub, kaydinta tamarta, isticmaalka, korontada yar iyo suuqyada kale ayaa sidoo kale muujiyay heerar kala duwan oo kobac ah, shirkadaha waaweyn ee walxaha kathode-ka ee waaweyn ayaa sii waday wax soo saar buuxa. Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in wax soo saarka walxaha taban ee elektiroonigga ah la filayo inuu ka bato 1.1 milyan oo tan sannadka 2022, badeecaduna waxay ku jirtaa xaalad yar, rajada codsiga ee walxaha taban ee elektiroonigga ah waa mid ballaaran.
Coke-ga irbadda waa warshadaha sare ee baytariyada lithium iyo walxaha anode, kaas oo si dhow ula xiriira horumarinta suuqa baytariyada lithium iyo walxaha cathode. Meelaha loo adeegsado baytariyada lithium waxaa inta badan ka mid ah baytariyada korontada, baytariyada macaamiisha iyo baytariyada kaydinta tamarta. Sanadka 2021, baytariyada korontada waxay noqon doonaan 68%, baytariyada macaamiisha waxay noqon doonaan 22%, iyo baytariyada kaydinta tamarta waxay noqon doonaan 10% qaab-dhismeedka wax soo saarka baytariyada lithium ion ee Shiinaha.
Baytariga korontada waa qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee baabuurta cusub ee tamarta. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, iyadoo la hirgelinayo siyaasadda "kor u kaca kaarboonka, dhexdhexaadka kaarboonka", warshadaha cusub ee baabuurta tamarta Shiinaha ayaa keenay fursad taariikhi ah oo cusub. Sannadkii 2021, iibka baabuurta tamarta cusub ee adduunka ayaa gaaray 6.5 milyan, rarista baytariga korontadana waxay gaartay 317GWh, taasoo kor u kacday 100.63% sannadkii. Iibka gawaarida tamarta cusub ee Shiinaha ayaa gaaray 3.52 milyan oo unug, rarista baytariga korontadana waxay gaartay 226GWh, taasoo kor u kacday 182.50 boqolkiiba sannadkii. Waxaa la filayaa in rarista baytariga korontada ee adduunka ay gaarto 1,550GWh sannadka 2025 iyo 3,000GWh sannadka 2030. Suuqa Shiinaha ayaa sii wadi doona booskiisa suuqa baytariga korontada ugu weyn adduunka iyadoo saami suuqeed deggan uu ka badan yahay 50%.
Waqtiga boostada: Diseembar-21-2022